اسئلة المستوى الرفيع فى اللغة الانجليزية للثانوية الازهرية

المستوي الرفيع

من طرف أيمن الوزير في الأربعاء يناير 16, 2008 7:18 pm

ملخص القطعة

The Sydney Opera House is a building of enormous technical interest to architects and engineers because its roofs of such size and with such bold curves have never been built before. The Sydney Opera House stands out against towering skyscrapers, the-blue water of Sydney harbor and the grayness of the great Sydney Bridge. When the Australian Government thought of building the Sydney Opera House, it decided to find a design for an Opera House by holding a world-wide competition. A thirty-eight year old Dane, Joha Utzon, won the competition because he sent in a highly imaginative ,daring design of a building that looked like-a beautiful concrete butterfly.

When the engineers started building the- Sydney - Opera House they faced unusual technical problems such as. the roof. which the engineers architects and mathematics believed they could never solve.

The government was worried about the high cost of the project and the engineers thought that Utzon's drawing went beyond the bounds of existing technology, the project was finally carried out due to the pressure of the leading citizens who complained that they did not have a modern center for the arts although much smaller cities in Europe and America had.1

In building the podium 7 hundred piers had to be sunk to a depth of 23 metres to support the building. Six years were needed to work out a way of building the roof work. The firm was paid twice as much for building the podium.

The idea for building the roof of the Sydney Opera House occurred to Jorn Utzon when he was peeling an orange. It inspired Utzon to adopt the geometry of sphere when calculating the sections of the shells The project was often delayed for technical and financial reasons. Jorn Utzon resigned from the project before it was finished because of many disagreement he had with engineers and"officials over the project.

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الكلمات

القطعة الثقافية الاولى
Symphony in concrete سيمفونية فى خرسانة
 Symphony  سيمفونية
 bold  شديد الانحدار / سميك
 curves  منحنيات – تقوسات
 skyscrapers  ناطحات سحاب
 Sydney harbour  مرفأ سيدنى
 Bridge  كوبري
 world-wide competition  مسابقة عالمية
 Imaginative  خيالي – خيالية
 butterfly  فراشة
 unusual technical problems  واجه مشاكل فنية غير عادية
 pressure  ضغط
 complain  يشتكى من
 Concrete  خرسانة
 SOH= Sydney Opera House  مبنى أوبرا سيدنى
 Face  يواجه
 existing technology  التكنولوجيا الحالية
 due to  بسبب
 leading citizens  مواطنين ناجحين
 Unique  فريد
 Architect  مهندس معماري
 Size  حجم
 Skill  مهارة
 Lack  يفتقد
 Committee  لجنه
 Situation  موقع
 podium  منصة عالية
 financial reasons 
 resigned  استقال
 pier  رصيف ممتد فى البحر -دعامة جسر
 inspire  يلهم" بوحى آلهى"

الأسئلة
1- Who was the designer ? What was he famous for ?
He was Johan Utzon. He was famous for hid ability as a designer of original buildings. He won the competition that was organized by the government of Australia to design the S.O.H.
2- Why is The Sydney Opera House a building of enormous technical interest to architects and engineers?
Or What made the S.O.P unique ?
Because its roofs of such size and with such bold curves have never been built before.
3-Where is the S.O.P situated ?
or
why is the site chosen for building the S.O.P said to be dramatic ?
The Sydney Opera House stands out against towering skyscrapers, the-blue water of Sydney harbor and the grayness of the great Sydney Bridge.
4- What was the technical problem that faced the engineers ?
Opera House they faced unusual technical problems such as. the roof. which the engineers architects and mathematics believed they could never solve.
5- What other problem that faced them ?
The company ran into many difficulties such as they had to be paid twice as much as was originally agreed . they also need six years to work out a way of building roof work . and thousands of calculations were made with the computer.
6- Why did the Australian think of building such building ?
What was the reason for building The S.O.P?
Due to the pressure of the leading citizens who complained that they did not have a modern center for the arts although much smaller cities in Europe and America had.
7- Why did Utzon win the prize ?
or What characterized Utzon work ?
or what was original about Utzon design ?
he won the prize because he had a highly imaginative and daring of design of a building that look like a beautiful concrete butterfly .
8- What comment was said about Utzon design ?
it lacked detail . The design was beyond the existing technology .
9- When did the idea of the design come to him ?
When he was peeling an orange .
10- What affected Utzon work
Childhood experience and memories on the castle of Ellsinore where he used to play with the architecture of the ancient Mayan temples in Mexico .
11- Why did Utzon resign ?
He had disagreement with many engineers and the government official over methods of construction , material and the use of sub constructors . He was also sad about the delay of some of his fees .

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